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Afghanistan

La production illicite d’opium en Afghanistan dans le contexte de l’enclavement, de l’isolement et de l’isolationnisme

Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy / 2003 / Cemoti.

L’Afghanistan est enclavé et a longtemps été isolé. Certains de ses dirigeants ont même eu recours à un certain isolationnisme. Du carrefour continental que le pays avait pu être, carrefour des routes du commerce comme de celles des invasions, l’Afghanistan est devenu à partir du XIXe siècle un Etat-tampon que des politiques restrictives de l’accès ont confiné dans un « angle » géographique et géopolitique. Puis, confronté à deux décennies de guerres qui ont considérablement accru son isolement international, le pays a connu un important développement de la production illicite d’opium et d’héroïne.

The ironies of Afghan opium production

Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy / 2003 / Asia Times.

Driven by war, poverty and chaos, Afghanistan’s opium production in the wake of the ouster of the Taliban regime is dramatically increasing and seems to be the only avenue by which many Afghans can make a living. Indeed, in a country already characterized by a tortured landscape and harsh climatic conditions, let alone generations of war, the commercial production of opium has been the only means of subsistence available for many peasants in eastern Afghanistan.

The drug routes from central Asia to Europe

Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy & Michel Koutouzis & Alain Labrousse / 2003 / G8 Ministerial Conference.

This paper was drafted by three independent non-governmental experts, Mr Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy [1], Mr Michel Koutouzis [2] and Mr Alain Labrousse [3], and is entirely their own work. It is based on sources provided by international organisations or by the States attending this Conference.

Opiate smuggling routes from Afghanistan to Europe and Asia

Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy / 2003 / Jane's Intelligence Review.

Despite the fall of the Taliban and attempts to reintegrate Afghanistan into the international community, the country remains the world's main source of opiates - opium, morphine and heroin - with Central Asia and Iran retaining their role as key transit routes for their export. Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy reports.

The drug trade in Asia

Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy / 2002 / Encyclopedia of Modern Asia.

3 articles: Drug trade in Asia; Golden Crescent / Golden Triangle.

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